Recent government change in Greece has
initially affected the country’s energy sector by postponing privatization
plans and investigating alternative supply routes for oil and gas. On the other
hand, international treaties and EU policies are still fundamental for the
Greek energy strategy towards a transition to a competitive, secure and
sustainable energy system that reduces significantly greenhouse gas emissions over
the next decades.
The Greek electricity sector is characterized
by an increasing contribution of renewables in the energy mix (17% 2014 vs 3%
2008) based on a Feed-in-Tariff scheme; combined
with a decreasing penetration of gas fired units (13% 2014 vs 23% 2008). On the
oil sector, limited supply options for crude restrict refining alternatives
while severe taxation (more than 60% of fuel price) increase pump prices with a
negative effect on local demand. Finally, natural gas is mainly consumed in the
power generation sector (c.70%) instead of household consumption. It is a
fragile market depending only on gas imports purchased at the different points
of entry (2 pipelines and 1 LNG terminal) heavily depending on Russian natural
gas (more than 65%).
The goal for the Greek Energy Market should be to
ensure its stability, the creation of a transparent regulatory regime and an
energy shift to develop new energy sources, particularly in renewables. Efficient
energy and use, public awareness and acceptance, diversity of supply, low
energy costs and environmental protection can tackle current economic crisis
and fuel the Greek energy future.
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